Netsu Sokutei, 33 (2), p. 66, (2006)

熱収縮性酸化物の大量合成と材料の熱膨張制御への展開

Synthesis of Large Amount of Negative Thermal Expansion Oxide and Application to Controlling the Thermal Expansion of Materialsv

負の熱膨張を示すZrW2O8を大量かつ高純度で合成する方法を開発した。ZrO2とWO3の固相反応法では,1200℃での熱処理および室温への急冷が必要であることを明らかにした。白金製の坩堝および蓋を用いて合成を試みた結果,プレス工程を経ていないに関わらす,高密度かつ大型のZrW2O8セラミックスが作製できた。またZrW2O8を1300℃に加熱すると溶融し,これを急冷・固化することにより高密度試料が得られた。本試料を200℃でアニールしたものは負の熱膨張を示すが,収縮率はZrW2O8多結晶体より小さい。これはZrO2やWO3がZrW2O8と複合化したためと考えられる。ZrO2とZrW2O8の共焼結による複合化も試みたところ,ZrO2/ZrW2O8比により熱膨張係数の制御ができること,微量のAl2O3を焼結助剤として添加すると密度・強度ともに増大することを明らかにした。これは焼結過程で生成したAl2(WO4)3が液相化し,いわゆる液相焼結が起こったためと考えられる。
Preparation method for large amount of negative thermal expansion oxide, ZrW2O8, with high purity has been developed. From TG-DTA data of ZrO2 and WO3 mixture, it was revealed that heat-treatment at 1200℃ and successive rapid quenching to room temperature is necessary for preparation of ZrW2O8 by solid state reaction of ZrO2 and WO3. Employing Pt crucible covered with Pt plate, large ZrW2O8 ceramic with high density could be synthesized although press process using mold was not employed. Using quenching process of melt prepared with heating ZrW2O8 powder above melting point determined by TG-DTA measurement, the specimen with high density and negative thermal expansion could be prepared. The specimen was composed of ZrW2O8 grains with 10~25 mm diameter and ZrO2 or WO3 ones with ~1 mm diameter, to which smaller negative thermal expansion of the specimen than that of ZrW2O8 ceramic could be ascribed. Materials with tailored thermal expansion coefficient have been prepared by intentional hybridization at optimum ratio of ZrO2 and ZrW2O8 with cosintering. Using Al2O3 as sintering aid, density of the cosintered specimen increased due to generation of liquid phase of Al2(WO4)3 during sintering.